ارزیابی کارآیی جذب و استفاده پتاسیم در ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

شناسایی و انتخاب ژنوتیپ‎های با کارآیی جذب و استفاده پتاسیم می‎تواند به افزایش بازده کودهای پتاسیمی و استفاده بهتر از پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک در اراضی دچار کمبود این عنصر کمک کند. بدین منظور در یک آزمایش هیدروپونیکی (آبکشت)، کارآیی پتاسیم 25 ‎ژنوتیپ پنبه بررسی شد. ژنوتیپ‎ها در دو سطح کمبود (025/0 میلی‎مولار) و کفایت (5/2 میلی‎مولار) پتاسیم رشد یافتند و گروه‎بندی کارآیی پتاسیم براساس شاخص‎های وزن خشک اندام هوایی در سطح کمبود، نسبت وزن خشک اندام هوایی در سطح کمبود به سطح کفایت و کارآیی استفاده پتاسیم انجام شد. کمبود پتاسیم منجر به کاهش معنی‎دار وزن خشک، غلظت و جذب پتاسیم ریشه و اندام هوایی ژنوتیپ‎های پنبه شد، اما کارآیی استفاده پتاسیم آنها را افزایش داد. همبستگی بسیار معنی‌دار (**98/0 = r) بین وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی بدست آمد. همبستگی وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی با جذب و کارآیی استفاده پتاسیم نیز معنی‎دار بود. براساس نتایج گروه‎بندی کارآیی پتاسیم از نظر شاخص‎های وزن خشک اندام هوایی و نسبت وزن خشک اندام هوایی، شش ژنوتیپ پنبه در گروه کارآ قرار گرفتند، اما از نظر کارآیی استفاده پتاسیم فقط چهار ژنوتیپ کارآیی داشتند. در نهایت براساس جمع‎بندی نتایج، ‎ارقام گلستان، ساجدی و ژنوتیپ N2G80، ژنوتیپ‎های کارآ در جذب و استفاده از پتاسیم شناسایی و انتخاب شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating of Potassium Uptake and Utilization Efficiency in Cotton Genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolreza Gharanjiki 1
  • Esmaeil Dordipour 2
  • Omran Alishah 3
  • Farshid Ghaderifar 2
1 Ph. D. Student, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Science, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Assosiate Professor, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
3 Assosiate Professor, Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Identification and selection of efficient genotypes for uptake and utilization of potassium (K) can help to increasing potassium fertilizers and available soil potassium use efficiency in K-deficient soils. Therefore, efficiency of of potassium uptake and utilization 25 cotton genotypes was studied in deficient (0.025 mM) and sufficient (2.5 mM) potassium levels in a hydroponics experiment. Potassium efficiency of cotton genotypes were classified based on three criteria including; shoot dry weight in K-deficient level, the dry weight ratio (dry weight in K deficient : dry weight at K sufficient), and K use efficiency. Potassium deficiency decreased dry weight, K concentration and K uptake by root and shoot of cotton genotypes, while K use efficiency increased in deficient K level. Very high and significant correlation (r = 0.98**) was observed between root and soot dry weight of genotypes. Correlations between root and shoot dry weight with K uptake and K use efficiency were also significant. Grouping of potassium efficiency of cotton genotypes identified six efficient genotypes based on soot dry weight and dry weight ratio, whereas only four efficient genotypes were identified based on K use efficiency. In conclusion, cv. Golestan, Sajedi and genotype N2G80 were selected as efficient genotypes for potassium uptake and utilization.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton
  • potassium deficiency
  • potassium sufficiency dry weight
  • hydroponics

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به زراعی نهال و بذر
دوره 35، شماره 1
تیر 1398
صفحه 59-81

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