اثر سن گیاهچه و کودهای مختلف زیستی در تولید مینی‌تیوبر ارقام سیب‌زمینی در سامانه هواکشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به منظور بررسی اثر سن گیاهچه و کودهای مختلف زیستی بر روی ارقام سیب‌زمینی در سامانه هواکشت، برای رسیدن به بالاترین تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر سیب‌زمینی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل انجام شد. در سال اول (1393) گیاهچه‌های سه رقم تجاری آگریا، کایزر و بانبا به روش قلمه‌های تک جوانه به تعداد 200 گیاهچه از هر رقم در آزمایشگاه تکثیر شدند. در سال دوم (1394) گیاهچه‌های تکثیر شده ارقام براساس آزمایش فاکتوریل با طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار و سه عامل در گلخانه کشت گردید. عامل اول شامل سه سن گیاهچه‌ای (30، 40 و 50 روز)، عامل دوم شامل سه رقم تجاری سیب‌زمینی (آگریا، کایزر و بانبا) و عامل سوم شامل سه کود زیستی ]شاهد، بایوفارم و ترکیب سه باکتری )اینتروباکترکلوآسه سویه Swri1، آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم سویه Of و سودوموناس پوتیدا سویه ۱۶۹( بودند. تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها نشان داد بین سن گیاهچه و اثرمتقابل سن گیاهچه × کود زیستی از لحاظ تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، بین ارقام و اثرمتقابل رقم × کودهای زیستی از لحاظ تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر در بوته و در متر‌مربع، بین کود بیولوژیک از لحاظ صفات تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر در بوته و مترمربع، میانگین وزن مینی‌تیوبر، ارتفاع بوته وتعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. استفاده از ترکیب سه باکتری در رقم بانبا باعث افزایش تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر در بوته و مترمربع گردید. تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر در ترکیب سه باکتری، 8/119 مینی‌تیوبر با 9/862 گرم در بوته بود. براساس نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش، برای افزایش تعداد و وزن مینی‌تیوبر در بوته و مترمربع، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته در ارقام سیب‌زمینی، استفاده از ترکیب سه باکتری (اینتروباکترکلوآسه سویه Swri1، آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم سویه Of و سودوموناس پوتیدا سویه ۱۶۹) توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plantlet Age and Different Biological Fertilizers on Mini-Ttuber Production of Three Potato Cultivars in Aeroponic System

نویسندگان [English]

  • D. Hassanpanah 1
  • V. Saednia 2
  • R. Mohammadi 1
  • A. Asadi 2
  • F. Asiabizadeh 1
1 Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was performed to investigate the effect of plantlet age and different biological fertilizer on mini-tuber production of three potato cultivars in aeroponic system for achieving the highest mini-tuber number and weight, in Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station. In the first year (2014), 200 plantlets of three commercial potato cultivars; Agria, Caesar and Banba were propagated by single node cutting method, in the laboratory. In the second year (2015), plantlets were planted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications and three factors, in the greenhouse. The first factor included three plantlet ages (30, 40 and 50 days), the second factor was three potato commercial cultivars (Agria, Caesar and Banba) and the third factor was three different biological fertilizers [control, Biofarm and three bacteria combination (Enterobacter cloasse strain Swri1, Azosprillum lipoferum strain of and Sedomonus putida strain 169)]. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of plantlet age and plantlet age × biological fertilizer intraction on lateral stem number per plant, cultivars and cultivars × biological fertilizer intraction on mini-tuber number and weight per plant were significant. The effect of biological fertilizer was significant on mini-tuber number and weight per plant, average mini-tuber weight, plant height and lateral stem number per plant. The application of combination of three bacteria in Banba potato cultivar increased mini-tuber number and weight per plant. The mini-tuber number and weight per plant were 119.8 mini-tubers with 862.9 gram per plant in combination of three bacteria. It was concluded that for increasing the mini-tuber number and weight per plant in potato cultivars, application of combination of three bacteria (Enterobacter cloasse strain swri1, Azosprillum lipoferum strain of and Sedomonus putida strain 169) is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Potato
  • Enterobacter cloasse
  • biofarm
  • mini-tuber
  • mini-tuber number

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به زراعی نهال و بذر
دوره 34، شماره 2
آذر 1397
صفحه 135-151

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