اثر تراکم بوته بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیک و عملکرد کمی و کیفی هیبریدهای سورگوم علوفه‌ای در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

به منظور تعیین اثر تراکم بوته بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی هیبریدهای علوفه‌ای سورگوم، آزمایشی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی انبارالوم در استان گلستان به مدت دو سال (1389 و 1390) اجرا شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور اول پنج هیبرید سورگوم علوفه‌ای و فاکتور دوم تراکم بوته در سه سطح 167، 208 و 278 هزار بوته در هکتار بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر تراکم بوته و هیبریدها بر همه صفات معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که با کاهش تراکم بوته، تعداد پنجه در بوته و قطر ساقه افزایش یافت و بیشترین تعداد پنجه از تراکم 167 هزار بوته در هکتار به تعداد سه پنجه در هر بوته به دست آمد. با افزایش تراکم بوته در همه هیبریدها عملکرد علوفه خشک و عملکرد پروتئین نیز افزایش یافت. بیشترین عملکرد علوفه خشک و عملکرد پروتیین از هیبریدهای ICRISAT625×R165 و اسپیدفید در تراکم 278هزار بوته در هکتار به دست آمد. هیبرید اسپیدفید بیشترین عملکرد علوفه خشک (5/18 تن در هکتار) و عملکرد پروتیین (5/132 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را تولید کرد. بر اساس نتایج این تحقیق، هیبرید ICRISAT625×R165 به همراه هیبرید اسپیدفید (شاهد) با تراکم 208 هزار بوته در هکتار برای کاشت در منطقه انبارالوم توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plant Density on some Morphological Traits and Quantitative and Qualitative Yeild of Forage Sorghum Hybrids in Golestan Province

نویسنده [English]

  • M.T. Feyzbakhsh
Seed and Plant Improvement Resarch Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To determine the effects of plant density on quantitative and qualitative yield of five forage sorghum hybrids, an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Anbarloum in 2010 and 2011. The experiment was in factorial based on RCBD with four replications. The first factor was five hybrids of forage sorghum and the second factor was plant density with three levels (167000, 208000 and 278000 plantha-1). The results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of plant density and hybrids were significant on all of assesse traits. Mean comparison of the traits showed that with decrease in plant density, number of tillers per plant and stem diameter were increased. The highest number of tiller plant (3 tillerplant-1) was obtained from 167000 plant per hectare. In all hybrids, with increase in plant density, dry forage and protein yield were increased and the highest dry forage yield and protein yield were obtained from Speed Feed and ICRISAT 625 × R165 hybrids. Speed Feed produced the highest dry forage (18.5tha-1) and protein yield (132.5 kgha-1) in treatment with 287000 plant per hectare. Based on the results of this experiment, Speed Feed and ICRISAT625×R165 hybrids with 208000 plantha-1 dencity can be recommended for sowing in this region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • forage sorghum
  • hybrids
  • plant density
  • Tiller number
  • Dry Forage
  • protein
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