اثر تراکم بوته بر خصوصیات زراعی هیبریدهای جدید آفتابگردان در کشت تابستانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر به‌منظور تعیین تراکم کاشت مناسب برای هیبریدهای جدید آفتابگردان در کشت دوم انجام شد. برای این منظور واکنش چهار هیبرید آفتابگردان برزگر، قاسم، فرخ و SHF81-90 به تراکم‌های مختلف کاشت 8، 10 ، 12 و 14 بوته در مترمربع به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی اسلام‌آباد‌غرب در سال‌های 1391 و 1392 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس دو ساله داده‌ها نشان داد که اثر تراکم بوته بر همه صفات مورد ارزیابی به استثنای شاخص برداشت معنی‌دار بود. هیبریدهای مورد ارزیابی نیز به استثنای تعداد دانه در طبق از نظر همه صفات مورد بررسی دارای تفاوت معنی‌داری بودند. اثر متقابل تراکم کاشت × ژنوتیپ تنها برای تعداد دانه در طبق و وزن هزار دانه معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد که عملکرد دانه به عنوان مهم‌ترین صفت اصلاحی آفتابگردان با افزایش تراکم بوته به صورت خطی افزایش یافت. به‌طوری که عملکرد دانه در تراکم‌های 8، 10، 12 و 14 بوته در مترمربع به ترتیب 3555 ، 4043، 4550 و 5167 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. در میان هیبریدهای مورد بررسی هیبرید برزگر که از طول دوره رشد بیشتری نسبت به سایر هیبریدها برخوردار بود با 4638 کیلوگرم در هکتار دارای عملکرد بیشتری نسبت به هیبریدهای قاسم، SHF81-90 و فرخ به ترتیب با 4102، 4447 و 4128 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plant Density on Agronomic Characteristics of New Sunflower Hybrids in Summer Cropping

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Zareei Siahbidi
  • A. Rezaizad
Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center
چکیده [English]

Current study was conducted to determine suitable plant density for new sunflower hybrids in second cropping. For this purpose, response of four new sunflower hybrids Barzegar, Ghasem, SHF81-90 and Farrokh to plant densities 8, 10, 12 and 14 plantm-2 was studied using factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications in Islamabade-e-Ghard Reseach Station during 2011 and 2012 cropping seasons. Results of two years variance analysis showed that plant density had significantly effect on all measured traits except harvest index. Four hybrids were also significantly different for all traits except seed number per head and harvest index. Interaction effect between plant density and hybrids was statistically significant only for 1000-seed weight. Seed yield was increased with increasing plant density, so that seed yield in 8, 10, 12 and 14 plantm-2 were 3555, 4043, 4550 and 5167 kgha-1, respectively. Among hybrids, Barzegar having more growth duration, had more seed yield (4638 kgha-1) compared to SHF81-90, Farokh and Ghasem with 4102, 4447, and 4128 kgha-1, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sunflower
  • hybrids
  • plant density
  • seed yield
  • harvest index

مراجع

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به زراعی نهال و بذر
دوره 33، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 31-45

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