ارزیابی عملکرد دانه ارقام و لاین‌های امیدبخش سورگوم دانه‌ای [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] با استفاده از شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش خشکی

نویسندگان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تحمل به خشکی ارقام و لاین‌های امید بخش سورگوم دانه‌ای، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج در دو سال 1392 و 1393 اجرا شد. تیمار آبیاری به عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح آبیاری معمول یا بدون تنش (آبیاری بعد از 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر از سطح تشتک تبخیر کلاس A)، تنش ملایم (آبیاری معمول تا زمان گل‌دهی و بعد از گل‌دهی آبیاری بعد از 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از سطح تشتک) و تنش شدید (قطع آبیاری بعد از گل‌دهی) و ژنوتیپ‌ها به عنوان عامل فرعی در پنج سطح شامل ارقام کیمیا و سپیده و لاین‌های امیدبخش KGS15، KGS23 و KGS32 بودند. تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد وزن علوفه تر، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه در سطوح مختلف آبیاری و همچنین ارقام و لاین‌ها از نظر تمام صفات در سطح احتمال یک درصد تفاوت معنی‌دار داشتند. براساس شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش (STI) و میانگین هندسی بهره‌وری (GMP)، لاین KGS23 و رقم کیمیا در کلیه شرایط آبیاری عملکرد دانه بالاتر از میانگین داشتند. این دو ژنوتیپ با بالاترین مقدار STI در نمودار بای‌پلات در ناحیه با پتانسیل تولید بالا و حساسیت به خشکی پایین قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصله از نمودار چند متغییره بای پلات و همبستگی شاخص‌ها با عملکرد دانه در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش نشان داد شاخص‌های M‏P ،GMP و STI نسبت به سایر شاخص‌ها در پیش بینی عملکرد از اهمیت بالایی برخودار بودند و با این شاخص‌ها می‌توان ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل را بهترگزینش کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Grain Yield of Cultivars and Promising Lines of Grain Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Using of Drought Tolerance Indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Khazaei
  • A. Sabouri
  • Z. Shobbar
  • M. Shahbazi
چکیده [English]

To evaluate drought tolerance in cultivars and promising lines of grain sorghum, an experiment was conducted as split-plot on randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran in 2013 and 2014. Irrigation treatments were considered the main plot at three levels: irrigation after 60 mm evaporation from the surface evaporation pan (normal irrigation), normal irrigation till flowering and then irrigation after 120 mm evaporation (mild water stress), and water withholding after flowering (severe water stress). Were considered as main plot and five genotypes including cultivars Kimiya and Sepideh and promising lines KGS15, KGS23 and KGS32 as subplot. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that fresh fodder, biological yield and grain yield in irrigation treatments and genotypes for all traits had significant differences at 1 level of probability. Based on Stress Tolerance Index (STI) and Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) indices, KGS23 line and Kimiya cultivar had higher grain yield than mean in all irrigation treatments. These genotypes had also the highest STI and located at zone of high yield potential and low sensitivity to drought in the biplot. Results of biplot analysis and correlation between drought tolerant indices and Ys and Yp showed that STI, GMP and MP were the best indices for selection of the suitable genotypes in drought stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain sorghum
  • stress tolerant indices
  • Grain yield
  • biplot
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