Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Olive Fruit (Zard Cultivar) in Kermanshah Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran.

2 Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

To study the effect of deficit irrigation on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of olive fruit (Zard cultivar), an experiment was conducted with five treatments based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications during 2016–17 in Javanmiri region (west of Kermanshah province). Treatments consisted of five irrigation regimes: Full irrigation (control); non-irrigation during pit hardening and full irrigation in other stages; irrigation in three stages (before flowering, the start of pit hardening and a week before harvesting); irrigation for 60% of the water requirement and no irrigation (rainfed). In this study, traits of fruit weight, length and diameter, pit weight, flesh weight, flesh to pit ratio, fruit moisture percent, fruit yield and water use efficiency were measured. The results showed that the effect of irrigation regime and interaction of irrigation regime and year on fruit weight and size, flesh weight and fruit yield were significant. Non-irrigation during pit hardening increased the yield, weight and size of fruit, as well as flesh weight. The lowest yield, weight and size of fruit, and flesh weight were observed in rainfed conditions. The highest water use efficiency (5.51 Kgm-3) was obtained by irrigation in three stages (before flowering, the start of pit hardening and a week before harvesting).

Keywords

References

Arzani, K., and Arji, I. 2000. The effect of water stress and deficit irrigation on young potted olive cv. Local-Roghani Roodbar. Acta Horticulture 537: 879-885.
 
Anonymous. 2002. Methodology for the secondary characterization (agronomic, phonological, pomological and oil quality) of olive varieties held in collection. Project on conservation, characterization, collection of Genetic Resources in olive. International Olive Oil Council. 23pp.
 
Anonymous. 2008. http//www.fao.org/nr/water/ETo.html. Accessed 27 November, 2014.
 
Bacelar, E. A., Moutinho-Pereira, J. M., Goncalves, B. C., Lopes, J. I., and Correia, C. M. 2009. Physiological responses of different olive genotypes to drought conditions. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 31: 611-621.
 
Berenguer, M. M. J., Gratten, S., Conne, J., Polito, V., and Vossen, P. 2002. Optimizing olive oil production and quality through irrigation management, university of California cooperative Extension and UC Davis.cesonoma,ucdavis.edu/files/51774-pdf.
 
Caruso, G., Gucci, R., Urbani, S., Esposto, S., Taticchi, A., Di Maio, I., Selvaggini, R., and Servili, M. 2014. Effect of different irrigation volumes during fruit development on quality of virgin olive oil of cv. Frantoio. Agricultural Water Management 134: 94–103.
 
Chai, Q., Gan, Y., Zhao, C., Xu, H. L., Waskom, R. M., Niu, Y., and Siddique, K. H. M. 2015. Regulated deficit irrigation for crop production under drought stress. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 21pp.
 
Chalmers, D. J., Burge, G., Jerie, P. H., and Mitchell, P. D. 1986 .The mechanism of regulation of Bartlett Pear fruit and vegetative growth by irrigation withholding and regulated deficit irrigation. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111: 904-907.
 
Chartzoulakis, K., and Bertaki, M. 2015. Sustainable Water Management in Agriculture under Climate Change. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 4: 88-98.
 
Correa-Tedesco, G., Rousseaux, M. C., and Searles, P. S. 2010. Plant growth and yield responses in olive (Olea europaea L.) to different irrigation levels in an arid region of Argentina. Agricultural Water Management 97: 1829-1837.
 
Costa, J. M., Ortuno, M. F., and Chaves, M. M. 2009. Deficit irrigation as a strategy to save water: Physiology and potential application to horticulture. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 49: 1421-1434.
 
D Andria, R., Morelli, G., Patiumi, M., and Fontanazza, G. 2000. Irrigation regime affects yield and oil quality of olive trees. Fourth International Symposium on Olive Growing, Valenzano (Bari) Italy, pp136.
 
Dell’Amico, J., Moriana, A., Corell, M., Giron, I. F., Morales, D., Torrecillas, A., and Moreno, F. 2012. Low water stress conditions in table olive trees (Olea europaea L.) during pit hardening produced a different response of fruit and leaf water relations. Agricultural Water Management 114: 11-17.
 
Fereres, E., and Soriano, M. A. 2007. Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use. Journal of Experimental Botany 58: 147-159.
 
Gholami, R., Arji, I., and Gerdakaneh, M. 2013a. Study of irrigation interval and mulch effects on vegetative growth of olive in Kermanshah province. Journal of Horticultural Science 27: 74-81 (in Persian).
 
Gholami, R., Arzani, K., and Arji, I. 2013b. Effect of Paclobotrazol (PBZ) and different irrigation amounts on vegetative growth and performance of young olive plants cv. Manzanillo. Journal of Horticultural Science 26: 402-408 (in Persian).
 
Gholami, R., Sarikhani, H., and Arji, I. 2016. Effects of deficit irrigation on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of six commercial olive cultivars in field conditions. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology 17: 39-52 (in Persian).
 
Giron, I. F., Corell, M., Galindo, A., Torrecillas, E., Morales, D., Dell’Amico, J., Torrecillas, F., Moreno, A., and Moriana, A. 2015. Changes in the physiological response between leaves and fruits during a moderate water stress in table olive trees. Agricultural Water Management 148: 280-286.
 
Iniesta, F., Testi, L., Orgaz, F., and Villalobos, F. J. 2009. The effects of regulated and continuous deficit irrigation on the water use, growth, and yield of olive trees. European Journal of Agronomy 30: 258-265.
 
Jacobsen, S. E, Jensen, C. R., and Liu, F. 2012. Improving crop production in the arid Mediterranean climate. Field Crops Research 128: 34-47.
 
Jafari, A., and Mahlooji, M. 2005. Future strategy in retrospect, the lessons of the recent drought in Isfahan. Journal of Drought and Agricultural Drought 17: 34-30 (in Persian).
 
Kheirabi, J., Tavakoli A., Entesari M., and Salamat A. 1996. Deficit irrigation guidelines. In: the Iranian National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage, Tehran (in Persian).
 
Lavee, S., Wodner, M., 1991. Factors affecting the nature of oil accumulation in fruit of olive. Horticultural Science 66: 583-591.
 
Lavee, Sh., and Wodner, M. 2004. The effect of yield, harvest time and fruit size on the oil content in fruits of irrigated olive trees (Olea europaea), cvs. Barnea and Manzanillo. Scientia Horticulturae 99: 267-277.
 
Li, S. H., Huguet, J. G., Schoch, P. G., and Orlando, P. 1989. Response of peach tree growth and cropping to soil water deficit at various phonological stages of fruit development. Journal of Horticulture Science 64: 541-552.
 
Mezghani, M. A., Charfi, C. M., Gouiaa, M., and Labidi, F. 2012. Vegetative and reproductive behaviour of some olive tree varieties (Olea europaea L.) under deficit irrigation regimes in semi-arid conditions of Central Tunisia. Scientia Horticulturae 146: 143-152.
 
Moriana, A., Perez-Lopez, D., Prietoc, M. H., Ramirez-Santa-Pau, M., and Perez-Rodriguez, J. M. 2012. Midday stem water potential as a useful tool for estimating irrigation requirements in olive trees. Agricultural Water Management 112: 43-54.
 
Rapoport, H. F., and Costagli, G. 2004. The effect of water deficit during early fruit development on olive fruit morphogenesis. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129: 121-127.
 
Rosecrance, R. C., Krueger, W. H., Milliron, L., Bloese, J., Garcia, C. and Mori, B. 2015. Moderate regulated deficit irrigation can increase olive oil yields and decrease tree growth in super high density Arbequina olive orchards. Scientia Horticulturae 190: 75-82.
 
Rouhi, V., Samson, R., Lemeur, R., and Van Damme, P. 2007. Photosynthetic gas exchange characteristics in three different almond species during drought stress and subsequent recovery. Environmental and Experimental Botany 59: 117-129.
 
Ruiz-Sanchez, M. C., Domingo, R., and Castel, J. R. 2010. Deficit irrigation in fruit trees and vines in Spain. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 8: 5-20.
 
Tognetti, R., D' Andria, R., Lavivi, A., and Morelli, G. 2006. The effect of deficit irrigation on crop yield and development of Olea europaea L., (cvs Frantoio and Leccino). European Journal of Agronomy 25: 356-364.
Seed and Plant Production Journal
Volume 34, Issue 1
June 2018
Pages 39-52

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics